Toad Toxicity

Amphibians are generally small, soft, and many bigger predators like to eat them. A few groups have evolved chemical defenses which make them toxic and therefore unpalatable to predators. One such group is the toads (family Bufonidae). Herping (verb): the act of searching for amphibians and reptiles. Several weeks ago, in the Everglades, I decided […]

Alligators and turtles

Alligators and turtles are both heavily armored reptiles. In December of 2023, I witnessed an interesting interaction between an American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and a Florida softshell turtle (Apalone ferox). The setting was Depot Park in the city of Gainesville, Florida. In this urban park there are a series of retention ponds. Paved trails, which […]

Incredible wildlife amongst ruins of an abandoned zoo

Key Biscayne is a small barrier island less than 5 miles from downtown Miami. About half the island consists of a park (Crandon Park), which itself contains a golf course, a world-class tennis facility that formerly held the Miami Open, beautiful white sand beaches, and an abandoned zoo which is now a botanic garden. While […]

On the Origin of Florida’s Introduced Species

Burmese pythons, green iguanas, bullseye snakehead, peacock bass……and the list goes on. Florida seems to be the epicenter for introduced species in the United States. Since moving to South Florida at the beginning of the year I have been amazed at the number and diversity of introduced species, and nowhere is this more evident than […]